The Real Ruble Exchange Rate: Balancing Inflation and Geopolitics
Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the ruble are affected by economic and political events such as oil prices, trade restrictions, and sanctions. To gain a deeper understanding of the ruble’s actual value, we need to appraise the nominal and real exchange rates by considering the trading partner structure and inflation. During the period of 2004 to 2023, the nominal effective exchange rate declined by 48%, while the real effective exchange rate increased by 12% due to high inflation.